MongoDB根据时间aggregate示例
需要对下面的集合根据LastUpdate按天分组累加TranslateFields值。
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rs_test:SECONDARY> db.new_result.find(); { "_id" : ObjectId("57fb0756e31f84a56ed41889"), "LastUpdate" : ISODate("2016-09-02T01:35:02.471Z"), "TranslateFields" : 9 } { "_id" : ObjectId("57fb0756e31f84a56ed4188a"), "LastUpdate" : ISODate("2016-09-05T11:13:28.344Z"), "TranslateFields" : 10 } { "_id" : ObjectId("57fb0756e31f84a56ed4188b"), "LastUpdate" : ISODate("2016-09-05T09:26:41.016Z"), "TranslateFields" : 33 } { "_id" : ObjectId("57fb0756e31f84a56ed4188c"), "LastUpdate" : ISODate("2016-09-02T13:34:50.114Z"), "TranslateFields" : 12 } { "_id" : ObjectId("57fb0756e31f84a56ed4188d"), "LastUpdate" : ISODate("2016-08-26T03:49:52.369Z"), "TranslateFields" : 17 }
如果是在SQL Server里,分组统计应该像这样写:
SELECT CONVERT(varchar,LastUpdate,112),SUM(TranslateFields) FROM dbo.new_result GROUP BY CONVERT(varchar,LastUpdate,112) ORDER BY 1;
那么在MongoDB里,有3种聚合方法:group、aggregate和mapReduce
//2.6版本aggregate方法 db.new_result.aggregate( { $group : { _id : { year: { $year: "$LastUpdate" }, month: { $month: "$LastUpdate" }, day: { $dayOfMonth: "$LastUpdate" } }, totalTime: { $sum: "$TranslateFields" } } }, { $sort : { "_id.year": 1, "_id.month": 1, "_id.day": 1 } } )
//3.0版本aggregate方法 db.new_result.aggregate( { $group : { yearMonthDay: { $dateToString: { format: "%Y-%m-%d", date: "$LastUpdate" } }, totalTime: { $sum: "$TranslateFields" } } }, { $sort : { "yearMonthDay": 1 } } )
//group方法 db.new_result.group({ keyf : function(doc){ var date = new Date(doc.LastUpdate); var dateKey = ""+date.getFullYear()+"-"+(date.getMonth()+1)+"-"+date.getDate(); return {'day':dateKey}; }, initial : {"time":0}, reduce : function(doc, prev){ prev.time += doc.TranslateFields; }, finalize : function Finalize(out) { return out; } } });
//先存为日期 //1 db.tmp_result.find({"value.Status":3},{"value.TranslateFields":1,"value.LastUpdate":1}).forEach( function(item){ db.new_result.save({"LastUpdate":item.value.LastUpdate.getFullYear()+"-"+ (item.value.LastUpdate.getMonth()+1)+"-"+ item.value.LastUpdate.getDate(), "TranslateFields":item.value.TranslateFields}); } ) //2 db.new_result.aggregate( { $group : { _id:"$LastUpdate", totalTime: { $sum: "$TranslateFields" } } } ,{"$sort":{"_id":1}} )
对于aggregate方法,最好在$group之前$match,减少数据量,如果过滤的键上有索引,查询也会走索引。
db.TranslateTicket.aggregate( { "$match": { "LastUpdate": {"$gte":ISODate("2016-06-19T00:00:00.000Z"), "$lt":ISODate("2016-09-19T00:00:00.000Z")}, "Status": 3 } }, { "$group": { _id : { month: { $month: "$LastUpdate" }, day: { $dayOfMonth: "$LastUpdate" }, year: { $year: "$LastUpdate" } }, totalTime: { $sum: "$CharactersCount" } } }, { "$sort": { "_id.year":1,"_id.month":1,"_id.day":1 } } )
这种情况,最好在创建如下索引:
db.TranslateTicket.createIndex({“LastUpdate”:1,”Status”:1},{background:1})
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