Oracle12c如何创建和删除PDB-创新互联
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1. 手工创建PDB
从SEED database 创建PDB的时候，可以指定文件存放的位置。 有两种方法可以指定文件的位置。
第一种是在CREATE PLUGGABLE DATABASE 语法中添加FILE_NAME_CONVERT选项。
/tupian/20230522/221
/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> set lin 120 SQL> col name for a60 SQL> select * from v$dbfile; 13 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdb1/ado2.dbf 3 14 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdb1/cndba01.dbf 3 22 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/system.dbf 4 23 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/sysaux.dbf 4 24 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/users.dbf 4 25 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/ado1.dbf 4 26 /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/cndba/ado2.dbf 4 18 rows selected.
查看PDB的位置，创建新目录：
[oracle@Ora12c ~]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining
SQL> create pluggable database huaining admin user cndba identified by cndba
file_name_convert=('/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdbseed/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining/');
Pluggable database created.
也可以简写：/tupian/20230522/221
create pluggable database huaining admin user cndba identified by cndba
file_name_convert=('pdbseed','huaining');
SQL> show pdbs
CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED
---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ----------
2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO
3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO
4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO
5 HUAINING MOUNTED
--查看PDB的状态：是NEW，测试是不可用的。
/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> set lin 120 SQL> col pdb_name for a15 SQL> select pdb_name,status from dba_pdbs; PDB_NAME STATUS --------------- --------- PDB1 NORMAL PDB$SEED NORMAL CNDBA NORMAL HUAINING NEW
必须显示的打开数据库：/tupian/20230522/221
SQL> alter pluggable database huaining open; Pluggable database altered. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO 4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO 5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO SQL> select pdb_name,status from dba_pdbs; PDB_NAME STATUS --------------- --------- PDB1 NORMAL PDB$SEED NORMAL CNDBA NORMAL HUAINING NORMAL
第二种方法，就是先指定PDB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT 参数的值，然后执行创建命令，此时就不需要指定FILE_NAME_CONVERT选项。
/tupian/20230522/221
[oracle@Ora12c pdbseed]$ mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/ahdba SQL> show parameter pdb_ NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ pdb_file_name_convert string pdb_lockdown string pdb_os_credential string SQL> alter session set pdb_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/pdbseed/','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/ahdba/'; Session altered. SQL> show parameter pdb_ NAME TYPE VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ pdb_file_name_convert string /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/p dbseed/, /u01/app/oracle/orada ta/dave/ahdba/ pdb_lockdown string pdb_os_credential string SQL> SQL> create pluggable database ahdba admin user cndba identified by cndba; Pluggable database created. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO 4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO 5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO 6 AHDBA MOUNTED SQL> alter pluggable database ahdba open; Pluggable database altered. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO 4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO 5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO 6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO SQL>
2. 手工删除PDB
在删除PDB的时候，有2个选项 KEEP DATAFILES 和 including DATAFILES,默认是KEEP.
SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO 4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO 5 HUAINING READ WRITE NO 6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO SQL> drop pluggable database huaining; drop pluggable database huaining * ERROR at line 1: ORA-65179: cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged SQL> !oerr ora 65179 65179, 00000, "cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged" // *Cause: An attempt was made to drop a pluggable database without // specifying the INCLUDING DATAFILES clause, and the pluggable // database has not been unplugged. // *Action: Unplug the pluggable database before dropping the pluggable // database or use the INCLUDING DATAFILES clause in the // DROP PLUGGABLE DATABASE statement. // SQL> drop pluggable database huaining including datafiles; Pluggable database dropped. SQL> show pdbs CON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED ---------- ------------------------------ ---------- ---------- 2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO 3 PDB1 READ WRITE NO 4 CNDBA READ WRITE NO 6 AHDBA READ WRITE NO SQL> 操作系统层面看，对应的文件，也一起删除了：[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$ pwd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/dave/huaining[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$ ls[oracle@Ora12c huaining]$
如果是使用KEEP datafiles，那么在执行drop 之前，必须先执行unplug的操作。
SQL> drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles; drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles * ERROR at line 1: ORA-65179: cannot keep datafiles for a pluggable database that is not unplugged SQL> alter pluggable database ahdba unplug into '/tmp/ahdba.xml'; Pluggable database altered. SQL> drop pluggable database ahdba keep datafiles; Pluggable database dropped.
删除成功。
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