(10)横向扩展ceph集群

当集群容量或者计算资源达到一定限定时,就需要对集群进行扩容,扩容操作主要可以分为两种 :
1、纵向扩展:向已有节点中添加磁盘,容量增加,集群计算性能不变;
2、横向扩展:添加新的节点,包括磁盘、内存、cpu资源,可以达到扩容性能提升的效果;

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(10)横向扩展ceph集群

一、 在生产环境中避免新增节点影响性能,添加标识位

生产环境中,一般不会在新节点加入ceph集群后,立即开始数据回填,这样会影响集群性能。所以我们需要设置一些标志位,来完成这个目的。
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd set noin
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd set nobackfill

在用户访问的非高峰时,取消这些标志位,集群开始在平衡任务。
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd unset noin
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd unset nobackfill

二、新节点安装ceph

(1)#手动yum集群部署

[root@node143 ~]# yum -y install ceph ceph-radosgw

(2)#检查安装的包

[root@node143 ~]# rpm -qa | egrep -i "ceph|rados|rbd"

(3)#检查ceph 安装本版,需要统一版本

[root@node143 ~]# ceph -v 全部都是(nautilus版本)
ceph version 14.2.2 (4f8fa0a0024755aae7d95567c63f11d6862d55be) nautilus (stable)

三、向ceph集群中新增节点

ceph可以无缝扩展,支持在线添加osd和monitor节点

(1)健康集群

[root@node140 ~]# ceph -s 
  cluster:
    id:     58a12719-a5ed-4f95-b312-6efd6e34e558
    health: HEALTH_OK

  services:
    mon: 2 daemons, quorum node140,node142 (age 8d)
    mgr: admin(active, since 8d), standbys: node140
    mds: cephfs:1 {0=node140=up:active} 1 up:standby
    osd: 16 osds: 16 up (since 5m), 16 in (since 2w)

  data:
    pools:   5 pools, 768 pgs
    objects: 2.65k objects, 9.9 GiB
    usage:   47 GiB used, 8.7 TiB / 8.7 TiB avail
    pgs:     768 active+clean

(2)当前集群节点数量为3

[root@node140 ~]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT  TYPE NAME        STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF 
-1       8.71826 root default                             
-2       3.26935     host node140                         
 0   hdd 0.54489         osd.0        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 1   hdd 0.54489         osd.1        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 2   hdd 0.54489         osd.2        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 3   hdd 0.54489         osd.3        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 4   hdd 0.54489         osd.4        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 5   hdd 0.54489         osd.5        up  1.00000 1.00000 
-3       3.26935     host node141                         
12   hdd 0.54489         osd.12       up  1.00000 1.00000 
13   hdd 0.54489         osd.13       up  1.00000 1.00000 
14   hdd 0.54489         osd.14       up  1.00000 1.00000 
15   hdd 0.54489         osd.15       up  1.00000 1.00000 
16   hdd 0.54489         osd.16       up  1.00000 1.00000 
17   hdd 0.54489         osd.17       up  1.00000 1.00000 
-4       2.17957     host node142                         
 6   hdd 0.54489         osd.6        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 9   hdd 0.54489         osd.9        up  1.00000 1.00000 
10   hdd 0.54489         osd.10       up  1.00000 1.00000 
11   hdd 0.54489         osd.11       up  1.00000 1.00000 

(3)集群节点复制配置文件和密钥到新增节点node143

[root@node143 ceph]# ls
ceph.client.admin.keyring   ceph.conf

(4)新增节点具备访问集群权限

[root@node143 ceph]# ceph -s 
  cluster:
    id:     58a12719-a5ed-4f95-b312-6efd6e34e558
    health: HEALTH_OK

  services:
    mon: 2 daemons, quorum node140,node142 (age 8d)
    mgr: admin(active, since 8d), standbys: node140
    mds: cephfs:1 {0=node140=up:active} 1 up:standby
    osd: 16 osds: 16 up (since 25m), 16 in (since 2w)

  data:
    pools:   5 pools, 768 pgs
    objects: 2.65k objects, 9.9 GiB
    usage:   47 GiB used, 8.7 TiB / 8.7 TiB avail
    pgs:     768 active+clean

(5)准备好磁盘

[root@node143 ceph]# lsblk 
NAME            MAJ:MIN RM   SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda               8:0    0 557.9G  0 disk 
├─sda1            8:1    0   200M  0 part /boot
└─sda2            8:2    0 519.4G  0 part 
  └─centos-root 253:0    0 519.4G  0 lvm  /
sdb               8:16   0 558.9G  0 disk 
sdc               8:32   0 558.9G  0 disk 
sdd               8:48   0 558.9G  0 disk 
sde               8:64   0 558.9G  0 disk 
sdf               8:80   0 558.9G  0 disk 
sdg               8:96   0 558.9G  0 disk 

(6)#将作为osd磁盘标记为GPT格式

[root@node143 ]# parted /dev/sdc mklabel GPT
[root@node143 ]# parted /dev/sdd mklabel GPT
[root@node143 ]# parted /dev/sdf mklabel GPT
[root@node143 ]#parted /dev/sdg mklabel GPT
[root@node143 ]# parted /dev/sdb mklabel GPT
[root@node143 ]# parted /dev/sde mklabel GPT

(7)#格式化成为xfs文件系统

[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdc
[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdd 
[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdb
[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdf
[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sdg
[root@node143 ]# mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sde

(8)创建osd

[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdb 
--> ceph-volume lvm activate successful for osd ID: 0
--> ceph-volume lvm create successful for: /dev/sdb
[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdc
[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdd
[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdf
[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sdg
[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm create --data /dev/sde
[root@node143 ~]# blkid
/dev/mapper/centos-root: UUID="7616a088-d812-456b-8ae8-38d600eb9f8b" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sda2: UUID="6V8bFT-ylA6-bifK-gmob-ah4I-zZ4G-N7EYwD" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sda1: UUID="eee4c9af-9f12-44d9-a386-535bde734678" TYPE="xfs" 
/dev/sdb: UUID="TcjeCg-YsBQ-RHbm-UNYT-UoQv-iLFs-f1st2X" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sdd: UUID="aSLPmt-ohdJ-kG7W-JOB1-dzOD-D0zp-krWW5m" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sdc: UUID="7ARhbT-S9sC-OdZw-kUCq-yp97-gSpY-hfoPFa" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sdg: UUID="9MDhh2-bXIX-DwVf-RkIt-IUVm-fPEH-KSbsDd" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sde: UUID="oc2gSZ-j3WO-pOUs-qJk6-ZZS0-R8V7-1vYaZv" TYPE="LVM2_member" 
/dev/sdf: UUID="jxQjNS-8xpV-Hc4p-d2Vd-1Q8O-U5Yp-j1Dn22" TYPE="LVM2_member" 

(9)#查看创建osd

[root@node143 ~]# ceph-volume lvm list
[root@node143 ~]# lsblk

(10)#OSD会自动启动

[root@node143 ~]# ceph osd tree
ID CLASS WEIGHT   TYPE NAME        STATUS REWEIGHT PRI-AFF 
-1       11.98761 root default                             
-2        3.26935     host node140                         
 0   hdd  0.54489         osd.0        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 1   hdd  0.54489         osd.1        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 2   hdd  0.54489         osd.2        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 3   hdd  0.54489         osd.3        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 4   hdd  0.54489         osd.4        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 5   hdd  0.54489         osd.5        up  1.00000 1.00000 
-3        3.26935     host node141                         
12   hdd  0.54489         osd.12       up  1.00000 1.00000 
13   hdd  0.54489         osd.13       up  1.00000 1.00000 
14   hdd  0.54489         osd.14       up  1.00000 1.00000 
15   hdd  0.54489         osd.15       up  1.00000 1.00000 
16   hdd  0.54489         osd.16       up  1.00000 1.00000 
17   hdd  0.54489         osd.17       up  1.00000 1.00000 
-4        2.17957     host node142                         
 6   hdd  0.54489         osd.6        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 9   hdd  0.54489         osd.9        up  1.00000 1.00000 
10   hdd  0.54489         osd.10       up  1.00000 1.00000 
11   hdd  0.54489         osd.11       up  1.00000 1.00000 
-9        3.26935     host node143                         
 7   hdd  0.54489         osd.7        up  1.00000 1.00000 
 8   hdd  0.54489         osd.8        up  1.00000 1.00000 
18   hdd  0.54489         osd.18       up        0 1.00000 
19   hdd  0.54489         osd.19       up        0 1.00000 
20   hdd  0.54489         osd.20       up        0 1.00000 
21   hdd  0.54489         osd.21       up        0 1.00000 

====== osd.0 =======
显示osd.num,num后面会用到。

[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@7
[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@8
[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@18
[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@19
[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@20
[root@node143 ~]# systemctl enable ceph-osd@21

(11)查看集群,扩容成功

[root@node143 ~]# ceph -s 
  cluster:
    id:     58a12719-a5ed-4f95-b312-6efd6e34e558
    health: HEALTH_WARN
            noin,nobackfill flag(s) set

  services:
    mon: 2 daemons, quorum node140,node142 (age 8d)
    mgr: admin(active, since 8d), standbys: node140
    mds: cephfs:1 {0=node140=up:active} 1 up:standby
    osd: 22 osds: 22 up (since 4m), 18 in (since 9m); 2 remapped pgs
         flags noin,nobackfill

  data:
    pools:   5 pools, 768 pgs
    objects: 2.65k objects, 9.9 GiB
    usage:   54 GiB used, 12 TiB / 12 TiB avail
    pgs:     766 active+clean
             1   active+remapped+backfilling
             1   active+remapped+backfill_wait

(12)记得低峰时段取消标志位

在用户访问的非高峰时,取消这些标志位,集群开始在平衡任务。
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd unset noin
[root@node140 ~]##ceph osd unset nobackfill


名称栏目:(10)横向扩展ceph集群
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