Docker之容器重要日常操作
一、映射端口
docker run -p 容器外端口：容器内端口发布一个nginx应用
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[root@docker ~]# docker images #查看镜像
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
myalpine latest_with_hello.txt 3ce9b8b899ba 17 hours ago 5.59MB
nginx latest f7bb5701a33c 10 days ago 126MB
alpine latest cc0abc535e36 2 weeks ago 5.59MB
zhoumingkang/alpine v3.10.3 cc0abc535e36 2 weeks ago 5.59MB
alpine 3.9.4 055936d39205 8 months ago 5.53MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 12 months ago 1.84kB
[root@docker ~]# docker run --rm -d --name mynginx -p80:80 nginx:latest #运行容器
12f98b8cbbc8c918dce442c085b6e6a8e40df86a41d7016c8c8bfb1395b5bc90
[root@docker ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
12f98b8cbbc8 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon ofΒ 6 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp mynginx
[root@docker ~]# netstat -tlunp | grep 80
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 10728/docker-proxy 二、挂载数据卷
docker run -v 容器外目录：容器内目录把当前主机/root/html目录挂载到容器内/usr/share/nginx/html
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[root@docker html]# docker run --rm -d --name mynginx1 -p81:80 -v/root/html:/usr/share/nginx/html nginx:latest #影射端口并挂载本地目录到容器内
5b3ef0ed66d8927c6e3e502c8cc652243e81e94922f8b6310fa26bf9cb0ab8c1
[root@docker html]# netstat -tlunp | grep 81
tcp6 0 0 :::81 :::* LISTEN 11587/docker-proxy
[root@docker html]# docker ps | grep mynginx1
5b3ef0ed66d8 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp mynginx1
[root@docker html]# docker exec -ti 5b3ef0ed66d8 /bin/sh #进入该容器
# ls /usr/share/nginx/html #查看宿主机目录是否挂载上去
index.html三、传递环境变量
docker run -e 变量名=变量值把系统变量增加一段mingkang_env=mingkang_test
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[root@docker html]# docker run -ti --rm --name myalpine -e mingkang_env=mingkang_test alpine:latest /bin/sh
/ # env
HOSTNAME=b6dad57f224f
SHLVL=1
HOME=/root
mingkang_env=mingkang_test #增加的环境变量
TERM=xterm
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
PWD=/
备注：多环境变量时，多加-e四、在容器里安装工具
在当前NGINX容器里，安装curl工具命令
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[root@docker html]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5b3ef0ed66d8 nginx:latest "nginx -g 'daemon of…" 33 minutes ago Up 33 minutes 0.0.0.0:81->80/tcp mynginx1
[root@docker html]# docker exec -ti mynginx1 /bin/bash
root@5b3ef0ed66d8:/# apt-get update
root@5b3ef0ed66d8:/# apt-get install -y curl #容器里安装工具
root@5b3ef0ed66d8:/# which curl
/usr/bin/curl五、对刚刚更新了apt-get与安装curl工具的容器进行镜像封装，并提交到docker hub上。
[root@docker html]# docker commit -p mynginx1 zhoumingkang/nginx:curl #生成本地镜像
sha256:d1b81c37853c29e7069b5127e19e28f0eb964f7a5720a81880a1f3ecda4c88b4
[root@docker html]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
zhoumingkang/nginx curl d1b81c37853c 6 seconds ago 152MB
myalpine latest_with_hello.txt 3ce9b8b899ba 24 hours ago 5.59MB
nginx latest f7bb5701a33c 10 days ago 126MB
alpine latest cc0abc535e36 2 weeks ago 5.59MB
zhoumingkang/alpine v3.10.3 cc0abc535e36 2 weeks ago 5.59MB
alpine 3.9.4 055936d39205 8 months ago 5.53MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 12 months ago 1.84kB
[root@docker html]# docker push zhoumingkang/nginx:curl #推送镜像到远端
The push refers to repository [docker.io/zhoumingkang/nginx]
edb65c87d072: Pushed
75248c0d5438: Mounted from library/nginx
49434cc20e95: Mounted from library/nginx
556c5fb0d91b: Mounted from library/nginx
curl: digest: sha256:15a6e2920bc27d9a46a5025b938d54451bac6e499ae51c65cc812d9a193f8f59 size: 1160
[root@docker html]# 当前文章：Docker之容器重要日常操作
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