Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储
这篇文章主要讲解了“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”吧！
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配置自定义的用户存储
通过查看AuthenticationManagerBuilder的源码可以发现里面还有一个方法 userDetailsService(),允许我们自定义用户存储的实现.如下
/**
* Add authentication based upon the custom {@link UserDetailsService} that is passed
* in. It then returns a {@link DaoAuthenticationConfigurer} to allow customization of
* the authentication.
*
*
* This method also ensure that the {@link UserDetailsService} is available for the
* {@link #getDefaultUserDetailsService()} method. Note that additional
* {@link UserDetailsService}'s may override this {@link UserDetailsService} as the
* default.
*
*
* @return a {@link DaoAuthenticationConfigurer} to allow customization of the DAO
* authentication
* @throws
public DaoAuthenticationConfigurer userDetailsService(
T userDetailsService) throws Exception {
this.defaultUserDetailsService = userDetailsService;
return apply(new 我们发现 此方法接收一个 UserDetailsService 的实现类.我们可以再点进去查看一下 UserDetailsService 的源码,如下:
/** * Core interface which loads user-specific data. ** It is used throughout the framework as a user DAO and is the strategy used by the * {@link org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider * DaoAuthenticationProvider}. * *
* The interface requires only one read-only method, which simplifies support for new * data-access strategies. * * @see org.springframework.security.authentication.dao.DaoAuthenticationProvider * @see UserDetails * * @author public interface UserDetailsService // ~ Methods // ======================================================================================================== /** * Locates the user based on the username. In the actual implementation, the search * may possibly be case sensitive, or case insensitive depending on how the * implementation instance is configured. In this case, the
UserDetails* object that comes back may have a username that is of a different case than what * was actually requested.. * * @param username the username identifying the user whose data is required. * * @return a fully populated user record (nevernull) * * @throws UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws
发现这是一个接口,并且只有一个方法 loadUserByUsername(),我们所需要做的就是实现loadUserByUsername()方法，根据给定的用户名来查找用户。
loadUserByUsername()方法会返回代表给定用户的UserDetails对象.
而这个UserDetail 又是个什么呢?我们再次产看其源码,如下:
/** * Provides core user information. * ** Implementations are not used directly by Spring Security for security purposes. They * simply store user information which is later encapsulated into {@link Authentication} * objects. This allows non-security related user information (such as email addresses, * telephone numbers etc) to be stored in a convenient location. *
* Concrete implementations must take particular care to ensure the non-null contract * detailed for each method is enforced. See * {@link org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User} for a reference * implementation (which you might like to extend or use in your code). * * @see UserDetailsService * @see UserCache * * @author public interface UserDetails extends Serializable // ~ Methods // ======================================================================================================== /** * Returns the authorities granted to the user. Cannot return
null. * * @return Collection getAuthorities(); /** * Returns the password used to authenticate the user. * * @return String getPassword(); /** * Returns the username used to authenticate the user. Cannot returnnull* . * * @return String getUsername(); /** * Indicates whether the user's account has expired. An expired account cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean isAccountNonExpired(); /** * Indicates whether the user is locked or unlocked. A locked user cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean isAccountNonLocked(); /** * Indicates whether the user's credentials (password) has expired. Expired * credentials prevent authentication. * * @return boolean isCredentialsNonExpired(); /** * Indicates whether the user is enabled or disabled. A disabled user cannot be * authenticated. * * @return boolean
发现这也是一个接口,也就是说我们还要实现这个 UserDetail接口.这个结构封装了用户的登陆信息.
好了,了解了 userDetailsService 方法的构造,我们就可以着手写代码了.
首先定义一个 MyUserService 实现 UserDetailsService 接口.并在重写的 loadUserByUsername 方法中返回 UserDetail类型的对象即可,
代码如下:
/**
* 自定义用户实现
*
* @author itguang
* @create
public class MyUserService implements UserDetailsService
@Override
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
//自定义用户存储数据来源，可以是从关系型数据库，非关系性数据库，或者其他地方获取用户数据。
UserEntity userEntity = new UserEntity("itguang", "123456", true);
//还可以在此设置账号的锁定,过期,凭据失效 等参数
//...
// 设置 权限,可以是从数据库中查找出来的
ArrayList authorities = new ArrayList<>();
authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER"));
authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_ADMIN"));
userEntity.setAuthorities(authorities);
return 可以看到我们最后返回了一个 UserEntity 对象,这个类是我们自定义的 对UserDetail接口的实现类,代码如下:
/**
* @author itguang
* @create
@Data
public class UserEntity implements UserDetails{
/**
* 用户名
*/
private String username;
/**
* 密码
*/
private String password;
/**
* 是否可用
*/
private Boolean enabled;
/**
*用户所拥有的权限
*/
private List authorities;
/**
* 用户的账号是否过期,过期的账号无法通过授权验证. true 账号未过期
*/
private Boolean accountNonExpired = true;
/**
* 用户的账户是否被锁定,被锁定的账户无法通过授权验证. true 账号未锁定
*/
private Boolean accountNonLocked = true;
/**
* 用户的凭据(pasword) 是否过期,过期的凭据不能通过验证. true 没有过期,false 已过期
*/
private Boolean credentialsNonExpired = true;
public UserEntity(String username, String password, Boolean enabled) {
this.username = username;
this.password = password;
this.enabled = enabled;
}
@Override
public Collection getAuthorities() {
return authorities;
}
@Override
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
@Override
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
return accountNonExpired;
}
@Override
public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
return accountNonLocked;
}
@Override
public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
return credentialsNonExpired;
}
@Override
public boolean isEnabled() {
return为什么我们要这样写呢,其实莫慌,我们如果不像自己实现 UserDetails 接口,Spring Security 已经为我们实现好了.我们来到 UserDetails接口,
把鼠标放到 UserDetails 上,在idea下按 ctrl+h ,我们就可以看到这个接口的实现类,如图:
除了我们自定义的UserEntity外,还有一个 User,其实这就是Spring Security为我们实现好的 UserDetails 类.我们可以看到它的源码如下:
public class User implements UserDetails, CredentialsContainer private static final long serialVersionUID = SpringSecurityCoreVersion.SERIAL_VERSION_UID; // ~ Instance fields // ================================================================================================ private String password; private final String username; private final Setauthorities; private final boolean accountNonExpired; private final boolean accountNonLocked; private final boolean credentialsNonExpired; private final boolean enabled; //...
由于源码太长,这里只贴出一部分,可以看到这里面也有我们在UserEntity定义的字段.其实也不奇怪了,本来我们的 UserEntity 就是按着User进行改造的嘛.
之所以自定义UserEntity,这里是为了方面初学者进行快速入门,相比于User我们的UserEntity还是很简单的.
现在 我们的 UserDetailsService 已经完成了,接下来就是在 SecurityConfig 的configure方法中使用了,如下:
/**
* 自定义用户存储
*
* @author itguang
* @create
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter
@Override
public void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(new怎么样是不是很简单.
测试.
最后进行测试,运行项目,访问: http://localhost/hello ,会跳转到 http://localhost/login 让我们登陆,我们是输入 用户名 itguang 和密码 123456
点击登录,就会看到浏览器返回一个 hello Spring Security ,说明我们自定义用户存储已经完美实现.
感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对Spring如何配置自定义的用户存储这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是创新互联，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
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